{"id":546,"date":"2012-12-30T19:19:13","date_gmt":"2012-12-30T11:19:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sdeno.com\/?p=546"},"modified":"2012-12-30T20:35:26","modified_gmt":"2012-12-30T12:35:26","slug":"rewritecond-%e5%92%8crewriterule","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sdeno.com\/?p=546","title":{"rendered":"RewriteCond \u548cRewriteRule"},"content":{"rendered":"

Apache\u7684Mod_rewrite\u5b66\u4e60 (RewriteCond\u91cd\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6761\u4ef6)\u6536\u85cf
\nRewriteCond Syntax: RewriteCond TestString CondPattern [flags] \u3000\u3000RewriteCond\u6307\u4ee4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6761RewriteRule\u6307\u4ee4\u524d\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u6216\u591a\u6761RewriteCond\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6a21 \u677f(pattern)\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u4e5f\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\u89c4\u5219\u624d\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u524dURL\u5904\u7406\u3002 \u3000\u3000TestString\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5305\u542b\u666e\u901a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u4e0b\u5217\u7684\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a
\n1. $N,RewriteRule\u540e\u5411\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d(0 <= N <= 9) \u3000\u3000$N\u5f15\u7528\u7d27\u8ddf\u5728RewriteCond\u540e\u9762\u7684RewriteRule\u4e2d\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u7684\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u5728\u5f53\u524dURL\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002
\n2. %N,RewriteCond\u540e\u5411\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d(0 <= N <= 9) \u3000\u3000%N\u5f15\u7528\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2aRewriteCond\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u7684\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u5728\u5f53\u524dURL\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002
\n3. ${mapname:key|default},RewriteMap\u6269\u5c55. \u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u89c1RewriteMap
\n4. %{ NAME_OF_VARIABLE } ,\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d8\u91cf\u3002 \u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\uff08\u5206\u7c7b\u663e\u793a\uff09<\/p>\n

<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div>\"7983A2C4-A709-42E9-B184-B6B5D8816D1F11\"<\/figure><\/a>\n

 <\/p>\n

5.<\/p>\n

<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div>\"7983A2C4-A709-42E9-B184-B6B5D8816D1F22\"<\/figure><\/a>\n

 <\/p>\n

6. \u7279\u522b\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a
\n\uff081\uff09 SCRIPT_FILENAME\u548cREQUEST_FILENAME\u53d8\u91cf\u542b\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fApache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784request_rec\u7684 filename\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aCGI\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5219\u4e0eREQUEST_URI(\u542b\u6709request_rec\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2duri\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c)\u4fdd \u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002
\n\uff082\uff09\u00a0%{ENV:variable}\u4e2d\u7684variable\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u5bf9\u5176\u503c\u7684\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5148\u901a\u8fc7Apache\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\uff08\u5982\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff09\u518d\u5728Apache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7getenv()\u67e5\u627e\u3002
\n\uff083\uff09\u00a0%{HTTP:header}\u4e2d\u7684header\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55HTTP MIME-header\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5176\u503c\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u627eHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u800c\u5f97\u3002
\n\uff084\uff09\u00a0%{LA-U:variable} \u7528\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u540e\u7eedAPI\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u8fd8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eURL\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7684sub-request\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684variable\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u7684 \u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5229\u7528REMOTE_USER\u7684\u503c\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u662f\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9636\u6bb5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u5728URL\u8f6c\u6362\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u540e\u9762\u3002\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00 \u65b9\u9762\u8bb2\uff0c\u7531\u4e8emod_rewrite\u5728\u4fee\u8865(fixup)API\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u76ee\u5f55\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u800c\u4fee\u8865\u9636\u6bb5\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u65f6\u53ea\u8981\u7528% {REMOTE_USER}\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u8be5\u503c\u4e86\u3002
\n\uff085\uff09\u00a0%{LA-F:variable}\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5b57(filename)\u7684\u5185\u90e8sub-request\u6765\u51b3\u5b9avariable\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u8fd9\u548cLA-U\u76f8\u540c\u3002
\nCondPattern\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u6b63\u5219\u5f0f\uff08extended regular expression\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e0e\u8ddfTestString\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6b63\u5219\u5f0f\uff0cCondPattern\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8865\u5145\uff1a
\n1. \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e32\u524d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a!\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u4ee5\u7528\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u6a21\u677f\u3002\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684test\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\uff01\u524d\u7f00\u3002
\n2. CondPattern\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a
\n(1) ‘<CONDPATTERN’ (\u5c0f\u4e8e\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f) \u5c06condPattern\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u548cTestString\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5f53TestString \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5c0f\u4e8eCondPattern\u4e3a\u771f. (2) ‘>CondPattern’ (\u5927\u4e8e) \u5c06condPattern\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u548cTestString\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5f53TestString \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5927\u4e8eCondPattern\u4e3a\u771f.
\n(3) ‘=CondPattern’ (\u7b49\u4e8e) \u5c06condPattern\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u548cTestString\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5f53TestString \u4e0eCondPattern\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u771f.\u5982\u679cCondPattern\u53ea\u662f “” (\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f15\u53f7\u7d27\u6328\u5728\u4e00\u8d77) \u6b64\u65f6\u9700TestString \u4e3a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u65b9\u4e3a\u771f.
\n(4) ‘-d’ (\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55) \u5c06testString\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55.
\n(5) ‘-f’ (\u662f\u5426\u662fregular file) \u5c06testString\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aregular\u6587\u4ef6.
\n(6) ‘-s’ (\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4e3a0\u7684regular\u6587\u4ef6) \u5c06testString\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e0\u7684regular\u6587\u4ef6
\n(7) ‘-l’ (\u662f\u5426\u4e3asymbolic link) \u5c06testString\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a symbolic link.
\n(8) ‘-F’ (\u901a\u8fc7subrequest\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee) \u68c0\u67e5TestString\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8subrequest\u5b8c\u6210 \u7684, \u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002
\n(9) ‘-U’ (\u901a\u8fc7subrequest\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2aURL\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728) \u68c0\u67e5TestString\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684URL\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8subrequest\u5b8c\u6210 \u7684, \u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002
\n[flags]\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u3002
\n1. ‘nocase|NC’ (\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199) \u3000\u3000\u5728\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684TestString\u548cCondPattern\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u65f6\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548csubrequest\u68c0\u67e5\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd.
\n2. ‘ornext|OR’ (\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6216\u7684\u5173\u7cfb) \u3000\u3000\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u662fAND\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u5c06\u5173\u7cfb\u6539\u4e3aOR\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} ^host1.* [OR] RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} ^host2.* [OR] RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} ^host3.* RewriteRule … \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709[OR]\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5199\u4e09\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\/\u89c4\u5219.
\n\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9996\u9875\u9762\u3002 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mozilla.* RewriteRule ^\/$ \/homepage.max.html [L] RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Lynx.* RewriteRule ^\/$ \/homepage.min.html [L] RewriteRule ^\/$ \/homepage.std.html [L]
\n\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u5730\u5740\u680f\u91cc\u8f93\u5165 sina.com.cn google.cn
\n\u770b\u770b\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53d8\u5316\uff1f\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230 www.sina.com.cn www.google.cn
\n\u8fd9\u4e00\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7apache\u7684rewrite\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4f60\u5f97\u628a \u4e0d\u5e26www\u7684\u57df\u540d\u6307\u5411\u4f60\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP
\n\u8981\u662f\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5f97\u5728viralhost\u6bb5\u52a0\u5165 ServerAlias xxx.com
\n\u7136\u540e\u6253\u5f00\u91cd\u5199\u5f15\u64ce\u529f\u80fd
\nRewriteEngine On
\n\u80fd\u8fc7rewritecond\u5224\u65ad\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u662f\u5426\u5e26www
\nRewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^xxx\\.com$ [NC]
\n\u7136\u540e\u6765\u4e00\u6761
\nRewriteRule ^\/(.*)$ http:\/\/www.xxx.com\/$1 [R=301,L]
\nOK,\u91cd\u8d77apache\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165 xxx.com \u770b\u770b\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u6210\u4e86 www.xxx.com \u4e86\u5462\u3002
\n\u91cd\u65b0\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u662f\uff1a
\nRewriteEngine On
\nRewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^xxx\\.com$ [NC]
\nRewriteRule ^\/(.*)$ http:\/\/www.xxx.com\/$1 [R=301,L]<\/p>\n

\u4e00 .RewriteRule
\nSyntax: RewriteRule Pattern Substitution [flags]<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u6761RewriteRule\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u6761\u91cd\u5199\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u95f4\u7684\u987a\u5e8f \u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5bf9Apache1.2\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6a21\u677f(pattern)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aPOSIX\u6b63\u5219\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u5f53\u524d\u7684URL\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u7684URL\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u7528\u8bb0\u6700\u521d\u63d0\u4ea4 \u7684URL\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u6b64\u89c4\u5219\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9URL\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9mod_rewrite\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\uff01\u662f\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u975e\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u63cf\u8ff0\u201c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u67d0\u79cd\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6216\u7528\u4f5c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u9ed8\u8ba4\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\uff01\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u6709\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u540e\u5411\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0cSubstitution\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5b83\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a
\n1. $N,\u5f15\u7528RewriteRule\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u7684 \u76f8\u5173 \u5b57\u4e32\uff0cN\u8868\u793a\u5e8f\u53f7,N=0..9
\n2. %N,\u5f15\u7528\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2aRewriteCond\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0cN\u8868\u793a\u5e8f\u53f7
\n3. %{VARNAME},\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d8\u91cf
\n4. ${mapname:key|default},\u6620\u5c04\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u6309\u4e0a\u8ff0\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002
\n\u4e00\u4e2aURL\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u76f8\u5173\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u4f1a\u88abSubstitution\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66ff\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u660e\u786e\u5730\u7528L\u6807\u5fd7\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002
\n\u5f53susbstitution\u6709\u201d-\u201d\u524d\u7f00\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u53ea\u505a\u5339\u914d\u68c0\u67e5\u3002
\n\u5229\u7528RewriteRule\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9a\u4e49\u542b\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e32(Query String)\u7684URL\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53ea\u9700\u5728Sustitution\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u653e\u5165QUERY_STRING\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6e05\u7a7a\u4e00\u4e2a QUERY_STRING\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\uff1f\u7ed3\u675fSubstitution\u4e32\u5373\u53ef\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2aSubstitution\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a<\/p>\n

1. ‘redirect|R [=code]’ (\u5f3a\u5236\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411)
\n\u7ed9\u5f53\u524d\u7684URI\u589e\u52a0\u524d\u7f00<\/p>\n

2. ‘forbidden|F’ (\u5f3a\u5236\u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95eeURL\u6240\u6307\u7684\u8d44\u6e90)
\n\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u72b6\u6001\u503c403 (FORBIDDEN)\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u5305\u3002\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4e0e\u5408\u9002\u7684RewriteConds \u8054\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u963b\u65ad\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e9bURL\u3002<\/p>\n

3. ‘gone|G’ (\u5f3a\u5236\u8fd4\u56deURL\u6240\u6307\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728(gone))
\n\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u72b6\u6001\u503c410 (GONE)\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u5305\u3002\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u6765\u6807\u8bb0URL\u6240\u6307\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6c38\u4e45\u6d88\u5931\u4e86.<\/p>\n

4. # ‘proxy|P’ (\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06\u5f53\u524dURL\u9001\u5f80\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5757\uff08proxy module\uff09)
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06substitution\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u5c06\u5171\u9001\u5f80\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fddsubstitution\u4e32\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684URI (\u5982, \u5178\u578b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u4ee5<\/p>\n

5. ‘last|L’ (\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219)
\n\u4e2d\u6b62\u91cd\u5199\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u5bf9\u5f53\u524dURL\u65bd\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u91cd\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eperl\u7684last\u547d\u4ee4\u6216C\u7684break\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

6. ‘next|N’ (\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e)
\n\u91cd\u65b0\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u91cd\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u91cd\u5199\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u65b0\u5f00\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684URL\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f53\u4e0e\u6700\u521d\u7684URL\u76f8\u540c\u3002 \u8fd9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8ePerl\u7684next\u547d\u4ee4\u6216C\u7684continue\u547d\u4ee4. \u5343\u4e07\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4e0d\u8981\u4ea7\u751f\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n

7. # ‘chain|C’ (\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u5176\u540e\u7eed\u89c4\u5219\u7d91\u7ed1(chained))
\n\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u65f6\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u6ca1\u6709\u7d91\u7ed1\u4e00\u6837\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5219\u7d91\u7ed1\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5728\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

8. ‘type|T=MIME-type’ (\u5f3a\u5236MIME\u7c7b\u578b)
\n\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684MIME-type\u4e3a\u67d0MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u6a21\u4effmod_alias\u6a21\u5757\u5bf9\u67d0\u76ee\u5f55\u7684ScriptAlias\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6539\u4e3a \u201capplication\/x-httpd-cgi\u201d.<\/p>\n

9. ‘nosubreq|NS’ (used only if no internal sub-request )
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u5f3a\u5236\u91cd\u5199\u5f15\u64ce\u8df3\u8fc7\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8sub-request\u7684\u91cd\u5199\u89c4\u5219.\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53mod_include\u8bd5\u56fe\u627e\u5230\u67d0\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6 (index.xxx)\uff0csub-requests \u4f1a\u5728Apache\u5185\u90e8\u53d1\u751f. Sub-requests\u5e76\u975e\u603b\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5982\u679c\u6574\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u65bd\u52a0\u5230\u5b83\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u53ef\u6392\u9664\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

10. ‘nocase|NC’ (\u6a21\u677f\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199)
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u677f\u5339\u914d\u5f53\u524dURL\u65f6\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n

11. ‘qsappend|QSA’ (\u8ffd\u52a0\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e32(query string))
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u91cd\u5199\u5f15\u64ce\u4e3aSubstitution\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e32\u8ffd\u52a0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e32\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u662f\u66ff\u6362\u6389\u539f\u6765\u7684\u3002\u501f\u52a9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u7ed9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e32\u589e\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

12. ‘noescape|NE’ (\u4e0d\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u4e49\u5904\u7406)
\n\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cmod_write\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u5982’%’, ‘$’, ‘;’, \u7b49)\u4f1a\u8f6c\u4e49\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u768416\u8fdb\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f(\u5982\u5206\u522b\u4e3a’%25′, ‘%24’, and ‘%3B’\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f1a\u7981\u6b62mod_rewrite\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u6b64\u7c7b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u53ea\u80fd\u5728 Apache 1.3.20\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

13. ‘passthrough|PT’ (\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u5668)
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u5f3a\u5236\u91cd\u5199\u5f15\u64ce\u7528filename\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u5185\u90e8request_rec\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2duri\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u3002. \u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5176\u5b83URI\uff0dto-filename\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\u7684Alias\u3001ScriptAlias\u3001Redirect\u7b49\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5904\u7406 RewriteRule\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8981\u7528mod_rewrite\u7684\u91cd\u5199\u5f15\u64ce\u5c06\/abc\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\/def,\u7136\u540e\u7528 mod_alas\u5c06\/def\u91cd\u5199\u4e3aghi\uff0c\u5219\u8981\uff1a
\nRewriteRule ^\/abc(.*) \/def$1 [PT]
\nAlias \/def \/ghi
\n\u5982 \u679cPT\u6807\u5fd7\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u5219mod_rewrite\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c,\u5982\u679c., \u5c06 uri=\/abc\/… \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3afilename=\/def\/… \uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u4e00\u4e2aURI-to-filename\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765 mod_alias \u8bd5\u56fe\u505a URI-to-filename \u8f6c\u6362\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\n\u6ce8\u610f:\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6df7\u5408\u90fd\u542b\u6709URL\uff0dto-filename\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662fmod_alias\u548cmod_rewrite\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

14. ‘skip|S=num’ (\u8df3\u8fc7\u540e\u9762\u7684num\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219)
\n\u5f53\u524d\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u65f6\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u91cd\u5199\u5f15\u64ce\u8df3\u8fc7\u540e\u7eed\u7684num\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u6a21\u4effif-then-else\u7ed3\u6784\uff1athen\u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761rule\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u662fskip=N\uff0c\u800cN\u662felse\u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6761\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

15. ‘env|E=VAR:VAL’ (\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf)
\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u4e3aVAR\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4e3aVAL,\u5176\u4e2dVAL\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u542b\u6709\u6b63\u5219\u5f0f\u7684\u540e\u5411\u5f15\u7528($N\u6216%N)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u513f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684 \u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u5728XSSI\u6216CGI\u4e2d\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728RewriteCond\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u4ee5%{ENV:VAR}\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

16.
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